Shrub 4.6 m, pathside, San Andr6s.

Uses: finely chop or crush leaves, mix with salt, Vicks VapoRub, rub on inflammations; boil leaves in water, bathe for aches or drink for stomach aches; tear leaves with leaves of other species, add alcohol, cover forehead for headaches; place fresh leaves on stomach or forehead for fevers; boil root, in water, use as mouthwash for toothache. Comerford 44, 18 Jul 1994.

Leaf: anemia, fever, headache, heart, kidneys, liver, pain, rheumatism, toothache, leaves boiled, tea drunk for various internal complaints; leaf mashed and applied to sore gums for tooth

Shrub. Leaves are boiled and a tea is drunk to treat abdominal pains

1) Barret, Bruce Economic Botany vol. 48, nro. 1 .-- p. 8-20 1994

2) COMERFORD, Simon C. Economic Botany. vol. 50 . -- p. 327 - 336 1996

3) Hazlett, Donald L. Economic Botany, v. 40 no.3 1986. -- p. 339-352

4) Gupta, Mahabir P.; Santana, Ana Isabel; Espinosa, Alex/ Plantas medicinales de Panamá. sd: sd. - p. sd.