Uses: wounds, cancer, local pain.                                                 

Origin: angola, Belize, China, Ecuador, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Honduras, India, Madagascar, Mexico, Mozambique, Philippines, Rwanda, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland,Tanzania, Zaire, Zambia,   

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Origin:
Native to Africa; naturalized in the warmer parts of India.

Action:
Purgative, emetic, antiasthmatic, bechic. Used for whooping cough, asthma, dyspepsia, biliousness, jaundice, enlargement of spleen, leucorrhoea.
Latex—applied externally on warts.

1) Geraldini , Isanete, Journal of Ethnopharmacology v. 173, 2015 . -- p. 383-423

2) Khare, C.P./ Indian Medicinal Plants. -- Nueva Dheli: Springer, 2007 . - p. 836.