Uses: rheumatism.                                                 

Origin: Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Caribbean, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela.     

---------

Parts Used: bark.                   

Uses: toothaches.                                                 

Origin: Barzil.    

------------

Stem: Bark used for a vermifuge in French Guiana.

1) Geraldini , Isanete, Journal of Ethnopharmacology v. 173, 2015 . -- p. 383-423

2) Bueno, Regina Norlene, et al., Acta bot. bras. vol. 19, no. 1, 2005. p.-- 39-44.

3) Robertt, A., et al.. Medicinal Plants of the Guianas (Guyana, Suriname, French Guyana)/Smithsonian NMNH. cited online: 17-08-2017