Origins: Rich woods.

Uses: The root is used as a vermifuge, anthelmintic, and cathartic. Some authorities say it is also a narcotic. In Appalachia, a tea made from the leaves is used to aid digestion.
Toxicity: Some authorities say it is also a narcotic

A guide to medicinal plants of  Appalachia/ Krochmal, Arnold; Walter, Russel S.; Doughty, Richard M.: USA: U.S.D.A Forest Service:,1959