PARTE UTILIZADA= Used part: Fruto, semillas. 

ACCIÓN FARMACOLÓGICA= Pharmacological action: Purgante (fruto), pungente, carminativo (semillas). 

COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA= Chemical composition: The isolation of one alkaloid, four diterpenoids, six sesquiterpenes, and three steroids from the branches of Xylopia brassiliensis is presented. The presence of all-E-geranylgeraniol has been described for the first time in a Xylopia species while the compds. O-methylmoschatoline, alismol and eudesm-4(15)-ene-1beta,6alpha-diol were not previously detected in X. brasiliensis but have been found only in Xylopia emarginata and Xylopia championii. 

ZONA GEOGRÁFICA= Geografical zone: desde Brasil hasta N.E. de Argentina. 

DIVERSIDAD GENÉTICA Y MEJORAMIENTO DE PLANTAS MEDICINALES= Medicinal plants and improvement of medicinal herbs

Two populations of Xylopia brasiliensis Sprengel were studied by isoenzymes electrophoresis in order to establish the variability levels maintained between and within populations, the genetic structure, the gene flow and the effective size of the populations. The samplings were done at the "Reserva Florestal da UFLA" (Population 1) and in the under-storey of exptl. planting of Eucalyptus spp (Population 2) located in Lavras region, south of Minas Gerais State. Leaf tissues from 20 adult plants (Population 1) and 20 seedlings and 20 young plants (Population 2) were collected. The studies in the two populations by seven enzymic systems revealed 36 alleles distributed in 16 loci. The proportion of polymorphic loci (P)(0.95) was 68.8% for the Population 1 and 87.5% for the Population 2. The av. no. of alleles per locus(A) was 1.9 to 2.2 and the genetic diversity measured by av. heterozygosity expected (H.) was 0.313 to 0.424. The genetic structure revealed an excess of heterozygotes for both populations (F = -0.221). The populations presented genetic divergence of thetap = 0.092. The gene flow evaluated by the no. of migrants was low Nm = 0.50. The min. area size estd. for the in situ conservation of X. brasiliensis was 10.08 ha. 

ÚLTIMOS AVANCES EN LA QUÍMICA Y ACTIVIDADES BACTERIOLÓGICAS EN LAS PLANTAS MEDICINALES= Medicinal plants, last advances on chemistry and bacteria activities on the medicinal herbs

1) A new sesquiterpenoid, aromadendrane-4beta,10alpha,15-triol (I), was isolated from the leaves of X. brasiliensis Spreng (Annonaceae), together with 4 known aromadendrane derivs. and 3 steroids.  The structures of these compds. were defined by anal. of their NMR spectral data, including bidimensional anal. and mass spectrometry.  The isolated aromadendranediol derivs. showed antifungal activity against Cladosporium cladosporioides.

1) TOURSARKISSIAN, Martín. Plantas medicinales de Argentina : sus nombres botánicos, vulgares, usos y distribución geográfica. Buenos Aires : Hemisferio Sur, 1980, p.6-7.

2) MOREIRA, Isabel C.; LAGO, Joao Henrique G.; ROQUE, Nidia F. Sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, steroids and alkaloid from branches of Xylopia brasiliensis Spreng (Annonaceae). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 2005, vol.33, nº9, p.948-951.

3) PINTO, Sheila Isabel Do Carmo; DE CARVALHO, Dulcineia. Genetic structure in populations of pindaiba ( Xylopia brasiliensis Sprengel) by isozymes). Revista Brasileira de Botanica. 2004, vol.27, nº3, p.597-605. 

4) MOREIRA, Isabel C, et al.  Antifungal aromadendrane sesquiterpenoids from the leaves of Xylopia brasiliensis.   Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society. 2003, vol.14, nº5, p.828-831.