Origin: Native to Tropical Asia, introduced in Northern America.

Pharmacological Activities: Analgesic and Antibacterial, Antiinflammatory,  Antiviral, Anticancer, Antitumour,  Mast cells degranulation, Antimitotic and Membrane stabilising.

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Range. Tropical Asia. Found in the warmer regions of Myanmar, growing natu­rally as well as under cultivation.

Uses
Leaf: Boiled and used as a bath, or the juice applied as a thick liquid to treat edema. The leaves are wilted over hot charcoal and wrapped around the knees for swol­len knees, or placed on the back for about one hour for backaches. Leaf and Bulb: Used to neutralize poisons and regulate flatulence, phlegm, and urine. Bulb: Ground (on a stone) to make a paste for reducing the heat from swellings or for weeping sores (this paste, however, causes some itching). For instances of poisoning, it is enough to rub the tongue with the bulb, which is also used as a special ingredient in shar-put-hsay (a com­monly used form of traditional medicine consisting of a grayish brown powder roughly rolled into little nuggets rolled around the tongue until dissolve into its components).
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Origin:
Wild as well as cultivated as an ornamental.

Action:
Bulb—laxative (a substitute for ipecacuanha), expectorant. Used in biliousness, and in strangury and other urinary affections. Also used for the treatment of burns,whitlow and carbuncle.
Fresh root—diaphoretic, emetic.
Leaves—expectorant; externally, antiinflammatory (used in skin diseasesand for reducing inflammations).
Seed—emmenagogue, diuretic.

1) A guide to medicinal plants / Hwee Ling, Koh; Tung Kian, Chua; Chay Hoon, Tan. Singapore:  World vScientific Public Co. Pte. Ltd., 2009. p 289 p.

2) DeFilipps, Robert A.; Krupnick, Gary A. / PhytoKeys, v. 102. - - p. 1 - 314,  2018.

3) Khare, C.P./ Indian Medicinal Plants. -- Nueva Dheli: Springer, 2007 . - p. 836.