Origins: Moist and open oods, ooed swamps, wet pinlans, an bogs.

Uses: the bark is a uterine sedative, diuretic, antispasmodic, and tonic.

A guide to medicinal plants of  Appalachia/ Krochmal, Arnold; Walter, Russel S.; Doughty, Richard M.: USA: U.S.D.A Forest Service:,1959