Range. India to Indo-China, East Java, the Lesser Sunda Islands, and the Philip­pines. In Myanmar, found in Magway, Mandalay and Shan.

Uses

Bark: Used to treat cholera.

Leaf: Used as a counter-irritant.

Root: Applied to sores.

Root Bark: Used to as a stomachic.

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Origin:
Common in plains as a hedge plant.

Action:
Root bark—sedative, stomachic, anticholerin, diuretic febrifuge.
Leaves—applied as poultice to piles, swellings, boils.

1) DeFilipps, Robert A.; Krupnick, Gary A. / PhytoKeys, v. 102. - - p. 1 - 314,  2018.

2) Khare, C.P./ Indian Medicinal Plants. -- Nueva Dheli: Springer, 2007 . - p. 836.