Range. Tropical. India, Malay Peninsula and Archipelago. Grows naturally around Myanmar; also cultivated.

Uses
Bark: Liquid from boiling the bark together with the bark of zee-hpyu (Phyl­lanthus emblica) and shah (or A. chundra) is held in the mouth to treat thrush, inflamed gums, burns within the mouth, gingivitis, and other gum disorders. Liquid from boil­ing the bark is also used to clean cuts and wounds.

Bark, Flower and Fruit: Used for heart problems, a decoction of the bark is taken, the flowers are inhaled, and the fruit is eaten.

Flower: Fresh flowers are used for treating white vaginal discharge and dental diseases. Water from soaking them overnight is given to children for coughs. Dried flowers, ground together with thanakha (paste of bark of Chloranthus erectus, especially useful for its astringent properties), are applied to cure heat rashes and prickly heat.

Fruit and Seed: Paste of seeds is made with cold water or the ripe fruits are ingested for persistent diarrhea.

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Origin

Cultivated in North India, Western Peninsula and South India.

Action:

Pulp of ripe fruit—astringent; used in chronic dysentery.

Flowers, fruit and bark—astringent.

Bark—given for promoting fertility in women.

Seeds—purgative.

1) DeFilipps, Robert A.; Krupnick, Gary A. / PhytoKeys, v. 102. - - p. 1 - 314,  2018.

2) Khare, C.P./ Indian Medicinal Plants. -- Nueva Dheli: Springer, 2007 . - p  419.