PARTE UTILIZADA= Used part: Corteza.

ACCIÓN FARMACOLÓGICA= Pharmacological action: Astringentes, antifebrífugos. COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA: Vitaminas (A, B, C), sales minerales (hierro, calcio, magnesio, potasio, sodio), galactomananos. De los cotiledones se extrae un aceite, sucedáneo del de almendras.

ZONA GEOGRÁFICA= Geografical zone: Uruguay.

DIVERSIDAD GENÉTICA Y MEJORAMIENTO DE PLANTAS MEDICINALES= Medicinal plants and improvement of medicinal herbs:

Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to evaluate genetic similarity and interrelationship among 104 plum (Prunus L. spp.) and related accessions from the Chinese National Germplasm Repository for Plums and Apricots and the Tianshan Germplasm Repository for Wild Fruit Resources, including six plum species (Prunus salicina Lindl., Prunus simonii Carr., Prunus ussuriensis Kov. et Kost., Prunus domestica L., Prunus cerasifera Ehrh., and Prunus spinosa L.), two related species [apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) and nanking cherry (Prunus tomentosa Thunb.)], eight putative hybrids between plum and apricot (plumcot), and six accessions of wild European plum (P. domestica). Out of the 42 ISSR primers, 12 were selected, which generated 103 markers in total, 99 of which were polymorphic. Possible accession-specific ISSR bands or patterns were also found. Some possible synonyms or homonyms were clarified or discussed, and closely related accessions such as bud mutants were discriminated. Based on the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) analysis and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) using the Jaccard coefficient, two different dendrograms were constructed - one including accessions grouped by species and one with all 104 accessions - and a two-dimensional plot was obtained. Three groups were formed in both dendrograms and PCoA plot: Group I including apricot ('Yinxiangbai') and plumcot types; Group II containing Asia-originated diploid species [e.g., P. cerasifera, P. ussuriensis, P. tomentosa, and Chinese plum-types (i.e., P. salicina and its hybrids)]; and Group III involving European-origin polyploid species (e.g., P. spinosa and P. domestica) and recently found wild European plum accessions in China. The dendrogram with accessions grouped by species implied that 1) plumcot types had closer relatedness with apricot than with plum; 2) P. simonii should be a variant of P. salicina while P. ussuriensis an independent species; 3) P. domestica was more closely related to P. spinosa than to P. cerasifera. Two accessions of European plum ('89-7-3' and 'Wanhei') were clustered into outgroups in the dendrogram with all 104 accessions, which could been grouped within Group III in the PCoA plot. The distribution of both European plum and Chinese plum-types across respective groups did not reflect the geographic origins. The present study also further confirmed that the wild plants found in Xinjiang of China were P. domestica.

Uses: diabetic.                                                 

Origin: China, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Unites Sates.

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Origin

Cultivated in Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Kumaon.

Action:

Fruit—refrigerant, laxative, nutritive. Improves haemoglobin levels in iron deficiency. Promotes excretion of excess calcium by the kidneys. An adjuvant for atherosclerosis and arthritis.

Root—astringent.          

1) GONZALEZ, Matías ; LOMBARDO, Atilio ; VALLARINO, Aida. Plantas de la medicina vulgar del Uruguay. Montevideo : Talleres Gráficos, 1937. p.48.

2) Fitoterapia : vademecum de prescripcion : plantas medicinales. 3ª. ed. Barcelona : Masson, 1999, p.189.

3) LIU, W, et al. Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among plum germplasm resources in China assessed with inter-simple sequence repeat markers. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 2007, vol.132, nº5, p.619-628.

4) Khare, C.P./ Indian Medicinal Plants. -- Nueva Dheli: Springer, 2007 . - p 523.

4) Geraldini , Isanete, Journal of Ethnopharmacology v. 173, 2015 . -- p. 383-423