Origin:
Central and Eastern Himalayas, Khasi Hills, Western Ghats, the Nilgiris and Travancore.

Action:
Leaves—stimulant, carminative, diuretic, antiseptic.
Oil (in the form of liniment or ointment)— applied externally in rheumatism, sciatica and neuralgia. The plant is strongly irritant.

Toxicity:
The plant is strongly irritant.

Khare, C.P./ Indian Medicinal Plants. -- Nueva Dheli: Springer, 2007 . - p. 836.