PARTE UTILIZADA= Used part: Partes aéreas.

ACCION FARMACOLOGICA= Pharmacological action: Internamente: como antifebril y astringente. Externamente: Baños calientes, en casos de reumatismo, sobre la forma de cataplasmas, en cólicos intestinales.

COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA= Chemical composition: Chemicals 21,22-DIANGELOYL-BARRINGTOGENOL-C Stem: DUKE1992A ; 21,22-DIANGELOYL-R1-BARRINGENOL Stem: DUKE1992A ; 21-ANGELOYL-R1-BARRINGENOL Stem: DUKE1992A ; 3,6,4'TRIMETHOXY-5,7-DIHYDROXYFLAVONE Shoot: DUKE1992A ; 4H-1-BENZOPYRAN-4-ONE Shoot: DUKE1992A ; 5,7,4'-TRIHYDROXY-3',6'-DIMETHOXYFLAVONE Shoot: DUKE1992A ; 5,7-DIHYDROXY-3,6-DIMETHOXY-2-(4-METHOXYPHENYL)-FLAVONE Shoot: DUKE1992A ; 5-HYDROXY-3,6,7,4'-TETRAMETHOXYFLAVONE Shoot: DUKE1992A; ALIARIN Shoot: DUKE1992A ; ALKALOID Leaf 200 ppm; DUKE1992A ; ARACHIDIC-ACID Seed 2,850 - 10,185 ppm DUKE1992A ; BEHENIC-ACID Seed 1,650 - 4,125 ppm DUKE1992A ; BETA-SITOSTEROL Seed: DUKE1992A ; CAFFEIC-ACID Plant: DUKE1992A ; CLEOMISCOSIN Stem: DUKE1992A ; CYANIDIN Plant: DUKE1992A ; DODOGENIN Seed: DUKE1992A ; DODONIC-ACID Plant: DUKE1992A ; DODONIN Seed 30,000 ppm; DUKE1992A ; ERUCIC-ACID Plant: DUKE1992A ; FAT Seed 76,000 - 190,000 ppm DUKE1992A ; HAUTRIWAIC-ACID Leaf: DUKE1992A ; HENTRIACONTANE Leaf: DUKE1992A ; HYPERIN Fruit: DUKE1992A Leaf: DUKE1992A ; ISORHAMNETIN Shoot: DUKE1992A ; ISORHAMNETIN-3-O-RHAMNOSYLGALACTOSIDE Shoot: DUKE1992A ; ISORHAMNETIN-3-O-RUTINOSIDE Fruit: DUKE1992A Leaf: DUKE1992A ; KAEMPFEROL Plant: DUKE1992A ; KAEMPFEROL-3',4',7-TRIMETHYLETHER Flower: DUKE1992A ; KAEMPFEROL-3,7-DIMETHYLETHER Flower: DUKE1992A ; LINOLEIC-ACID Seed 22,670 - 108,470 ppm DUKE1992A ; LINOLENIC-ACID Seed 1,190 - 2,980 ppm DUKE1992A ; OLEIC-ACID Seed 12,500 - 45,315 ppm DUKE1992A ; PALMITIC-ACID Seed 8,580 - 24,900 ppm DUKE1992A ; PENDULETIN Shoot: DUKE1992A ; PHYTOSTEROLS Leaf: DUKE1992A ; PINOCEMBRIN Shoot: DUKE1992A ; PROTEIN Seed 204,000 - 214,000 ppm DUKE1992A ; QUERCETIN Plant: DUKE1992A ; QUERCETIN-3-O-GALACTOSIDE Leaf: DUKE1992A ; QUERCETIN-3-O-RUTINOSIDE Leaf: DUKE1992A ; QUERCETOL Flower: DUKE1992A ; QUERCETOL-3-ARABINOSIDE? Flower: DUKE1992A ; RESIN Leaf 66,400 ppm; DUKE1992A ; RUTIN Fruit: DUKE1992A Leaf: DUKE1992A ; SANTIN Shoot: DUKE1992A ; SAPONIN Seed: DUKE1992A ; STEARIC-ACID Seed 7,490 - 31,400 ppm DUKE1992A ; STIGMAST-5-EN-3-OL Shoot: DUKE1992A ; STIGMASTEROL Stem: DUKE1992A ; TANNIN Bark 58,000 ppm; DUKE1992A Leaf 59,800 ppm; DUKE1992A ; ppm = parts per million tr = trace

ZONA GEOGRAFICA= Geografical zone: cosmopolita tropical y subtropical. 

DIVERSIDAD GENÉTICA Y MEJORAMIENTO DE PLANTAS MEDICINALES= Medicinal plants and improvement of medicinal herbs:

Aim To determine the evolutionary history of the widely studied, cosmopolitan polymorphic species Dodonaea viscosa (hop bush, varnish tree). Location All continents except Antarctica, extending from 44° S (in the South Island of New Zealand) to 33° N (in California and Arizona). Methods For 50 samples across the worldwide distribution, Bayesian analyses of nuclear ribosomal transcribed spacers (ITS 1, ITS 2 and partial ETS) were performed. The alignment was partitioned by secondary structure and analysed using separate models of sequence evolution for each spacer's stem and loop partition. Bayesian relaxed-clock estimations of divergence times were used to investigate the tempo of the transoceanic dispersal history of Dodonaea viscosa. Results The widely distributed Dodonaea viscosa evolved in Australia from its most recent common ancestor in the Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene and subsequently split into two distinct, geographically based, intraspecific lineages. There are a number of regional subclades that are also supported by specific molecular elements. Main conclusions Dodonaea viscosa is not an old lineage, as has often been speculated based primarily on its vast distribution. It diverged from its most recent common ancestor and subsequently dispersed and established around the world within the last 2 Myr. Two distinct lineages within Dodonaea viscosa, which have been shaped by Quaternary climatic change, have separate dispersal histories. The molecular investigations have identified that, although there are least two evolutionary lineages within the complex, they do not correlate with any distinct morphological subunits. It is proposed that Dodonaea viscosa (including D. biloba and D. procumbens) be recognized as an ochlospecies. © 2009

Range. Arizona to South America, West Indies, and widely distributed in the Old World Tropics. In Mayanmar, found in Ayeyarwady, Rakhine Taninthayi, and Yangon.

Use
Leaf: Used in fomentations.

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Origin:
North-western Himalaya up to 1,300 m, in Punjab, South India, ascending to 2,400 m on Nilgiris. Also planted as a hedge plant in Northern India

Action:
Leaves—anti-inflammatory and antibacterial (used in the treatment of swellings, burns, wounds), febrifuge, embrocation of leaves is applied to sprains.
Bark— astringent and anti-inflammatory.
Aerial parts—hypoglycaemic.
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Origin:
Nigeria
Part used
leaves
Medicinal uses
Sore throat

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Origin:
Mexico
Medicinal  properties:
- Colic (leaf infusion)
- Fever (bark decoction)
- Gout ( leaf infusion)
- Ground leaves applied to scabs and wounds
- Scalp problems
- Venereal disease

1) OLIVEIRA SIMOES, Claudia María, et al.-- Plantas da maedicina popular no Rio Grande do Sul.-- Porto Alegre : UFGRS,1986, p.132-133.

2) Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases [en línea]. [Consulta: 28 de noviembre, 2008 ] Disponible en: http://www.ars-grin.gov/duke/

3) Harrington, M.G.; Gadek, P.A. A species well travelled - The Dodonaea viscosa (Sapindaceae) complex based on phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal ITS and ETSf sequences. Journal of Biogeography. 2009, vol.36, nº12 p. 2313-2323.    

4) DeFilipps, Robert A.; Krupnick, Gary A. / PhytoKeys, v. 102. - - p. 1 - 314,  2018.

5) Khare, C.P./ Indian Medicinal Plants. -- Nueva Dheli: Springer, 2007 . - p. 836.

6) Abd El-Ghani1, Monier M./ Traditional medicinal plants of Nigeria: an overview: Agric. Biol. J. N. Am., 2016, 7(5): 220-247. - p. 239.

7) Armando González Stuart/ Plants Used in Mexican Plants Used in Mexican Traditional Medicine Traditional Medicine: Their Application and Effects In Traditional Healing Practices. - p. 51.