PARTE UTILIZADA= Used part: Semillas.

ACCIÓN FARMACOLÓGICA= Pharmacological action: Estimulante, dolores de cabeza y musculares, tónico cardíaco.

COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA= Chemical composition: La almendra de la semilla es muy rica en bases púricas, almidón y otros azúcares, mientras que el tegumento es rico en fibras y pentosanos. Toda la semilla tiene taninos y una pequeña cantidad de aceite esencial. La conformación general es la siguiente: Bases xánticas: cafeína (3-5%), trazas de teobromina (0,02-0,03%) y teofilina (0,25%). Otros: guaranina (4,7%), saponinas, colina, resina, aceite esencial (trazas, mucílago, taninos catéquicos (8,5-25%), catequina, almidón (8%), catecol y epicatecol (flavonoides), minerales:calcio (0,1%), fósforo (0,3%), potasio (0,3%), magnesio (0,08%) y hierro (4,3 mg)

ZONA GEOGRÁFICA= Geografical zone: Brasil. 

DIVERSIDAD GENÉTICA Y MEJORAMIENTO DE PLANTAS MEDICINALES= Medicinal plants and improvement of medicinal herbs:

The multivariate techniques to estimate the genetic diversity of a group of progenitors has been used by plant breeders. The progenitors are still being used in parental or multiple crossings to form segregating populations that have larger probability of recovering superior genotypes. This work was carried out with the objective of identifying guarana clones with high production and divergent clones that can be used in a crossing program in order to obtain hybrids with heterosis, as well as materials for vegetative propagation. One hundred and forty-eight clones of guarana in use at this moment in the genetic breeding program of Embrapa-Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal da Amazônia Ocidental were studied. To estimate the genetic divergence, the cluster analysis was used in which the measure of dissimilarity used was the euclidian average standardized distance and the Tocher's method of grouping and a single linkage method to make up a dendrogram between groups of clones. There was formation of seven divergent groups. It was concluded that the genetic divergence between the clones is not large because two groups with two clones and three groups with one clone have been formed. The CMU384 and CMU801 clones were the genetically closest and could be used to form a population with uniform vegetative development for use in commercial plantations.

Uses: slow aging.                                                 

Origin: Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela.  

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Seed: Used in a medication for migraine headaches in French Guiana.

1) OLIVEIRA SIMOES, Claudia María, et al. Plantas da maedicina popular no Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre : UFGRS, 1986, p.92-93.

2) ALONSO, Jorge R. Tratado de fitomedicina : bases clínicas y farmacológicas. Buenos Aires : ISIS, 1998, p. 579-580.

3) DO NASCIMENTO FILHO, F.J., et all. Genetic divergence between clones of guarana - [Divergência genética entre clones de guaranazeiro]. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira. 2001, vol.36, nº3, p.501-506.

4) Geraldini , Isanete, Journal of Ethnopharmacology v. 173, 2015 . -- p. 383-423

5) Robertt, A., et al.. Medicinal Plants of the Guianas (Guyana, Suriname, French Guyana)/Smithsonian NMNH. cited online: 17-08-2017