PARTE UTILIZADA= Used part: Frutos.

ACCIÓN FARMACOLÓGICA= Pharmacological action: Diaforético, purgativo, antioftálmico (frutos), madurativo, antirreumático.

COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA= Chemical composition: The fraction extracted by butanol, from an initial water extract from the leaves, yielded hydroquinone, kaempferol and quercetin and the following known glycosides arbutin,O-methylarbutin, isoquercitrin, avicularin, rutin, kaempferon-3-O-rutinoside ans isohamnetin-3-O-rutino-side. A new amorphous quercetin trioside was isolated and identified as quercetin (3-O-(2G-beta-D-apiosylrutinoside). It is a new example of a flavonoid trioside wich has a monosacccharide linked to a carbon 2 of the D-glucosemoiety of rutinose. This compound 1, on mild hydrolysis produced d-apiose and rutin. Methylation with diazomethane in methanol-ether and subsequent hydrolysis with 2N HCl,afforded 5,7,3`,4`-tetra-O-methyl-quercetin. Hydrolysis of the permethylated glycoside gave permethylated L-rhamnose and 3,4-di-O-methyl-D-glucose showing that the apiose residue was attached at carbon 2 of glucose. Preparation of the 1,2:3,5-di-O-isopropylidene derivative showed that the apiose belonged to the D-series. By applying Klyne´s rule to the new glycoside as used by Hulyalkar et al. in the case of apiin, it is clear that the apiose must be linked as the beta anomer. The difference between the molecular rotation of apiin (-754grados) and 7-O-(D-glucopyranosyl)-apigenin (-349grados) was -405grados and ratin ( +10grados) gave a difference value very close to that reported by the above authors.

ZONA GEOGRÁFICA= Geografical zone: S de Brasil, Uruguay y NE de Argentina. 

1) TOURSARKISSIAN, Martín. Plantas medicinales de Argentina : sus nombres botánicos, vulgares, usos y distribución geográfica. Buenos Aires : Hemisferio Sur, 1980, p.126.

2) RAPPAPORTT, I., et al. Phenolic glycosides from Solanum glaucophyllum: A new quercetin triglycoside containing D- apiose. Phytochemistry. 1977, vol.16, nº7, p.1115-1116.