PARTE UTILIZADA= Used part: Corteza y raíz. 

ACCIÓN FARMACOLÓGICA= Pharmacological action: Antiflogístico, antiofídico. 

ZONA GEOGRÁFICA= Geografical zone: S. de Brasil y E. de Argentina. 

ÚLTIMOS AVANCES EN LA QUÍMICA Y ACTIVIDADES BACTERIOLÓGICAS EN LAS PLANTAS MEDICINALES= Medicinal plants, last advances on chemistry and bacteria activities on the medicinal herbs

1) Aristolochia fimbriata is a small herbaceous perennial in the basal angiosperm family Aristolochiaceae.  The family contains diverse floral forms ranging from radial to monosym. flowers with a wide variety of insect pollinators.  Addnl., Aristolochia species contain secondary metabolites that are important natural toxins and traditional medicines, and are crit. to the reprodn. of swallowtail butterflies.  These characteristics, in combination with the small genome size and short life cycle of A. fimbriata, have prompted further development of this species as a model system to study the evolution of basal angiosperms.  As a prerequisite for developing a genetic transformation procedure for Aristolochia, protocols were developed for in vitro plant multiplication, shoot organogenesis, rooting, and acclimation of tissue culture-derived plants.  Two varieties of Aristolochia were multiplied in vitro and rooted with 100% efficiency.  Shoot regeneration was achieved within 1 mo of culture initiation from whole leaf, internodal stem, and petiole explants.  The highest regeneration success (97%) was recorded for stem explants.  Regenerated and rooted shoots were acclimated to greenhouse conditions and developed flowers within 4 wk of transplanting.

2) A method for micropropagation of Aristolochia fimbriata Cham. is described.  The basal medium contained the Murashige-Skoog's salts (MS), Gamborg's vitamins and sucrose.  One-node stem segments were initiated on the basal medium supplemented with 0.1 mg L-1 gibberellic acid (GA3), 2.5 mg L-1 6-benzyl-amino purine (BAP) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) at different concns., achieving 5-fold shoot multiplication at 14 days with 0.25 mg L-1 IBA.  The formed shoots were sectioned and transferred to the basal medium with BAP (1.0 mg L-1) where 8-fold shoot multiplication was obtained.  For root formation, shoots were cultured on the basal medium with half the MS macronutrients, supplemented with IBA or alpha-naphthalene-acetic acid (NAA).  The IBA supplementation produced roots in all the tested concns., while NAA only led to callus formation.

1) TOURSARKISSIAN, Martín. Plantas medicinales de Argentina : sus nombres botánicos, vulgares, usos y distribución geográfica.  Buenos Aires : Hemisferio Sur, 1980, p.10.

2) BLISS, Barbara J., et al. Regeneration and plantlet development from somatic tissues of Aristolochia fimbriata. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture. 2009, vol.98, nº1, p.105-114.
 
3) BRAVO, C.; YORMANN, G.; LLORENTE, B. Micropropagation of Aristolochia fimbriata Cham. Acta Horticulturae. 1999, vol.502.(Second World Congress on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants for Human Welfare, 1997), p.339-346.