Origin

Cultivated chiefly in Aligarh, Ghazipur and Kannauj, grown in gardens throughout India.

Action:

Flower buds—astringent, expectorant, laxative; used as a cardiac tonic and aperient.

Stamens and fruits—astringent.

Petals—Gulkand (a confection in sugar)—laxative, anti-inflammatory (used in sore throat and tonsilitis).

Rose water—cooling, refrigerant, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory (used as a remedy for skin irritation, also for sore eyes).