DIVERSIDAD GENÉTICA Y MEJORAMIENTO DE PLANTAS MEDICINALES:

Essential oils of B. articulata, B. crispa, B. microcephala, Baccharis milleflora, B. myriocephala, B. stenocephala, B. trimera and B. usterii, all of sect. Caulopterae, have been analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Despite the morphological similarity among these species, differences in composition of their essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation and hexane extract could be observed. Special attention was given to Baccharis trimera and B. crispa since their differentiation during early stages is not possible due to the absence of synflorescences. Carquejyl acetate is suggested as a marker for Baccharis trimera, and a fast method of detection of this compound is given. © Springer-Verlag 2005.

ÚLTIMOS AVANCES EN LA QUÍMICA Y ACTIVIDADES BACTERIOLÓGICAS EN LAS PLANTAS MEDICINALES

1) The objective of this work was to verify the influence of different drying processes on the levels of quercetin of the aerial parts of Baccharis articulata (Lam.) Pers., Asteraceae, as well as the evaluation of the in vitro antioxidant activity of these exts.  We demonstrated that the highest concn. of this flavonoid was detected in oven-dried samples, although there no significant difference in their pharmacol. activity of all analyzed samples could be shown.

2) The essential oil obtained from aerial parts of Baccharis articulata (Lam.) Pers. from Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil, was analyzed by GC, GC/MS, and chiral phase gas chromatog. (CPGC).  Twenty-nine compds. representing ca 86.1 % of the oil were identified.  The main compds. in the oil were beta-pinene (39.0%), cis-beta-guaiene (9.8%), gamma-muurolene (5.8%), limonene (4.8%), alpha-pinene (4.5%), alpha-gurjunene (4.4%) and spathulenol (4.2%).  The antimicrobial activity of the oil was evaluated against seven microorganisms using the broth microdilution method.  The oil displayed antimicrobial activity against Gram-pos. and Gram-neg. microorganisms (MIC=2.5 mg/mL). 

3) Baccharis articulata is traditionally used as diuretic and digestive in local folk medicine of south of Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina.  The antioxidant activity of crude ethanol and aq. exts., together with dichloromethane, Et acetate and n-butanol fractions obtained from aq. ext. of B. articulata was detd. using TRAP and TBARS assays.  The n-butanol fraction was found to be the most active and its major compd. (BaII) was isolated, identified and assayed.  The structure of the phenolic compd. BaII was established by means of spectroscopic and chem. methods as 4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-3', 5'-dimethoxybenzylcaffeate.  This previously unreported metabolite presented similar antioxidant capacity when compared to Trolox.

Patente extraída del Chemical Abstracts

Cosmetic and topical compositions containing singlet oxygen-scavenging, hyaluronidase-inhibiting, and collagen synthesis-enhancing plants. Ueda, Yoshiko; Ishimaru, Hidehiko.  (Lion Corp., Japan).    Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho  (2002),     47 pp.  CODEN: JKXXAF  JP  2002212089  A  20020731  Patent  written in Japanese. Application: JP  2001-45765  20010118.  Priority: .  CAN 137:129564    AN 2002:568085    CAPLUS   (Copyright (C) 2010 ACS on SciFinder (R)) 

Title compns., useful for preventing the skin, hair, or mouth from being damaged by environmental stress or aging, or improving the damaged functions, contain Jatropha, Physalis, Sida, Guarea, Baccharis, Phyllanthus (except P. niruri), and/or their exts.  Thus, J. isabellii ext. scavenged 1O, inhibited hyaluronidase, and enhanced formation of type I collagen.  Creams, shampoos, toothpastes, hair tonics, sterilizing agents, etc., contg. the ext. were formulated.

PARTE UTILIZADA= Used part: Parte aérea, tallos. 

ACCIÓN FARMACOLÓGICA= Pharmacological action: Tónico amargo, estomacal, hepatoprotector, antidispépsico, contra la gastroenteritis, febrífugo, antidiarréico, antihelmíntico, emenagogo, para empleo de anorexia y astenia. 

POSOLOGÍA= Posology: Internamente se usa la infusión como estomacal y para problemas hepáticos. Infusión al 1%. 

COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA= Chemical composition: Se han reportado los siguientes compuestos: En parte no indicada: alfa y beta-resinicos; en planta entera: ácido crisosapónico, santonina, absintina, ácido resínico, luteolina, quercetina, articulina I y articulina acetato, genkwanina, acacetina, 7,4`-dimetilapigenina, cirsimaritina, salvigenina, jaceidina, jaceosidina, ácido oleannólico, lupeol y chondrillasterol: en flores: barticulidiol, diéster malonato acetato, bacchotricuneatina A; el aceite esencial contiene alfa-pineno, ciscariofileno, gama-elemeno, beta-guaieno, delta-cadineno y aromadendreno. 

ZONA GEOGRÁFICA= Geografical zone: Argentina, Paraguay. 

1) 270 (doscientos setenta) plantas medicinales iberoamericanas . Santiago de Bogotá : CYTED-SECAB, 1995, p.73-74.

2) SIMOES-PIRES, C.A, et al. Investigation of the essential oil from eight species of Baccharis belonging to sect. Caulopterae (Asteraceae, Astereae): a taxonomic approach. Plant Systematics and Evolution. 2005, vol.253, nº1-4, p.23-32.
     
3) BORGO, Jackson, et al. The influence of drying processes on flavonoid levels and the antioxidant activity of Baccharis articulata (Lam.) extracts. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia. 2010, vol.20, nº1, p.12-17.
     
4) SIMIONATTO, Euclesio, et al. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the volatile oil from Baccharis articulata (Lam.) Pers.  Journal of Essential Oil Research. 2008, vol.20, nº4, p.366-368.
     
5) DE OLIVEIRA, Simone Q., et al. Antioxidant activity of Baccharis articulata extracts: isolation of a new compound with antioxidant activity.  Free Radical Research. 2003, vol.37, nº5, p.555-559.

6) ALONSO, Jorge R. Tratado de fitomedicina : bases clínicas y farmacológicas. Buenos Aires : ISIS, 1998, p. 350.