ÚLTIMOS AVANCES EN LA QUÍMICA Y ACTIVIDADES BACTERIOLÓGICAS EN LAS PLANTAS MEDICINALES= Medicinal plants, last advances on chemistry and bacteria activities on the medicinal herbs

1) The oil constituents from leaves and flowers of Agrimonia eupatoria L. were obtained using a hydro-distn. method in both cultivated and wild growing conditions in Iran.  The oils were analyzed by capillary gas chromatog., using flame ionization and mass spectrometric detection.  Both wild growing and cultivated leaves as well as wild growing and cultivated flower oils were found to contain 21, 21, 27 and 25 components resp.  The major constituents in the wild growing leaf oil were b-caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, a-humulene and E-b-farnesene, and in the cultivated leaf oil were a-pinene, b-caryophyllene, E-a-farnesene and cumin aldehyde.  The main constituents in the oil of the wild growing flowers were b-caryophyllene, E-b-farnesene and a-humulene and in the cultivated flowers were b-caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide and a-copaene.

2) The hepatoprotective activities of Agrimonia eupatoria L. ext. were assessed by measuring hematol. and serol. levels in SD rats following chem.-induced liver injury.  The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were dose-dependently decreased in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and D-galactosamine (GalN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury in rats.  These results revealed significant, dose-dependent hepatoprotective potential for A. eupatoria ext. as it restored the majority of abnormal hepatic parameters in exptl. liver damage in rats; it may therefore be useful in recovery of liver disorders.

Patente extraída del Chemical Abstracts= Patent extrated from the Database Chemical Abstracts
 
 Pharmaceutical and Food Composition Comprising Agrimonia Extracts for Preventing or Treating Non-viral Hepatitis and Hepatic Disease.      Lea, Young Sung; Ahn, Dong Ho; Zee, Ok Pyo; Kwak, Jong Hwan; Kang, Se Chan; Choi, Han; Kim, Man Bae; Lee, Min Kyung.  (Bio Korea Co., Ltd., S. Korea).    PCT Int. Appl.  (2007),     CODEN: PIXXD2  WO  2007100206  A1  20070907  Designated States W: AE, AG, AL, AM, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KM, KN, KP, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LV, LY, MA, MD, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PG, PH, PL, PT, RO, RS, RU, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, SV, SY, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US.  Designated States RW: AT, BE, CH, CY, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, IE, IS, IT, LU, MC, NL, PT, SE, TR, BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG.  Patent  written in English.    Application: WO  2007-KR1010  20070227.  Priority: KR  2006-19471  20060228.  AN 2007:998828    CAPLUS   (Copyright (C) 2011 ACS on SciFinder (R))  

A pharmaceutical or food composition for preventing or treating non-viral hepatitis and hepatic disease comprises an extract of genus Agrimonia (also named Agrimonia, Jipsinnamul, Seonhakcho, Hwanghwacho and Talyukcho), selected from Agrimonia eupatoria L., Agrimonia pilosa L, Agrimonia coreana N., Agrimonia coreana N. for. pilosella Satake, Agrimonia gryposepala (A. gryposepala), Agrimonia rostellata (A. rostellata), Agrimonia pubescens (A. pubescens), Agrimonia parviflora (A. parviflora), Agrimonia striata (A. striata), Agrimonia ordorata (A. ordorata), Agrimonia incisa (A. incisa), Agrimonia polyphylla (A. polyphylla), Agrimonia microcarpa (A. microcarpa), Agrimonia bracteat (A. bracteat), Agrimonia repens (A. repens), Agrimonia platycarpa (A. platycarpa), Agrimonia pumila (A. pumila) and Agrimonia asiatica (A. asiatica), wherein the extract may be a water-soluble extract, an organic solvent-soluble extract, or a mixture thereof.  The composition of genus Agrimonia has an effect of protecting hepatic cells; and it is useful for a functional food, a nutritional supplement, a nutrient, a pharmafood, a health food, a nutraceutical, a designer food and a food additive, for preventing or treating non-viral hepatitis and hepatic disease, which is chronic or acute hepatitis induced by a drug selected from methotrexate, tetracycline, isoniazid, nitrofurantoin, halothane, acetaminopen, aspirine, oxypenicillin and vitamin A.

PARTE UTILIZADA= Used part: Sumidades floridas. 

ACCIÓN FARMACOLÓGICA= Pharmacological action: Antidiarreico, antiflamatoirio local y cicatrizante.

POSOLOGÍA= Posology: Uso interno, dosis media diaria de 3 a 6 g de droga o la cantidad equivalente de sus preparaciones. Uso externo, compresas embebidas con una decocción al 10 % , varías veces al día.

COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA= Chemical composition: Abundantes taninos catéquicos y elágicos. Acidos silícico, ascòrbico y ursólico. Flavonoides y trazas de aceite esencial. 

ZONA GEOGRÁFICA= Geografical zone: España.

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Droga: las hojas y la sumidad florida.

Propiedades:
Por su abundancia en taninos tiene efectos astringente, cicatrizante, antidiarreico y  hemostático local. Además es antiinflamatorio.

Range. Mostly North Temperate Zone. In Myanmar, found in Mandalay.

Uses. Plant (part unspecified in Nordal 1963) used as diuretic and astringent.

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Origin:
The Himalayas from Kashmir to West Bengal at 900-3000m, and in Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland and Meghalaya.

Action:
Astringent, antiinflammatory, hepatic, cholagogue, diuretic, mild haemostatic, antibacterial. Used for irritations and infections of the intestinal tract, gallbladder diseases, hyperacidity, colic, urinary disorders (bedwetting, incontinence), sluggish liver, mucus membrane inflammations; externally for ulcerated and discharging skin, psoriasis and seborrhoic eczemas.

Toxicity:
Coumarins interact with anticoagulants, and drugs that increase the
risk of bleeding Furanocoumarin content increase photosensitivity. (Sharon M. Herr.)

1) Fitoterapia : vademecum de prescripcion. 4ª  ed. Barcelona : Masson, 2003, p.93.

2) NAVAEI, Mehrdokht Najafpour; MIRZA, Mehdi.  A comparative study of the essential oils of Agrimonia eupatoria both cultivated and wild growing conditions in Iran. Journal of Essential Oil-Bearing Plants. 2009, vol.12, nº3, p.369-373.
 
3) KANG, Se Chan, et al. Protective effect of Agrimonia eupatoria L. against chemical-induced hepatotoxicity. BioChemistry: An Indian Journal. 2008, vol.2, nº1, p.8-11.

4) ALONSO, Jorge R. Tratado de fitomedicina : bases clínicas y farmacológicas. Buenos Aires : ISIS, 1998, p. 178.

5) Linares Gimeno, Nuria/ Plantas Medicinales: cuaderno de trabajo. UPA: Madrid, 2013. p . - 67

6) DeFilipps, Robert A.; Krupnick, Gary A. / PhytoKeys, v. 102. - - p. 1 - 314,  2018.

7) Khare, C.P./ Indian Medicinal Plants. -- Nueva Dheli: Springer, 2007 . - p. 836.