PARTE UTILIZADA= Used part: Las flores. 

ACCIÓN FARMACOLÓGICA= Pharmacological action: Sedante, ansiolitico y antiespasmódico.

POSOLOGÍA= Posology: Infusión : 2 g de droga por 150 ml de agua. Tres o mas tazas al día. Extracto fluido (1:1): 30-50 gotas (1-2 ml), una tres veces al día. 

COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA= Chemical composition: Toda la planta tiene una mezcla compleja de alcaloides cuya composición varía dependiendo de cada órgano. La parte aèrea contiene entre  0,29 y 0,56 % de alcaloides de los cuales el principal es la californidina , una base cuaternaria de tipo pavínico; también destaca la escolicidina , base terciaria análoga de la anterior, y laurascolcina, de tipo aporfínico. otros alcaloides en menor proporción son : protopina, sanguinaria , celeritina y alocriptopina. 

DIVERSIDAD GENÉTICA Y MEJORAMIENTO DE PLANTAS MEDICINALES= Medicinal plants and improvement of medicinal herbs:

FLORICAULA/LEAFY-like genes were initially characterized as flower meristem identity genes.  In a range of angiosperms, expression occurs also in vegetative shoot apices and developing leaves, and in some species with dissected leaves expression is perpetuated during organogenesis at the leaf marginal blastozone.  The evolution of these expression patterns and assocd. functions is not well understood.  We have isolated and characterized aFLORICAULA-like gene from California Poppy, Eschscholzia californica Cham. (Papaveraceae), a species belonging to the basal eudicot clade Ranunculales. EcFLO encodes a putative 416-amino-acid protein with highest similarity to homologous genes from Trochodendron and Platanus.  We show that EcFLO mRNA is expressed during the vegetative phase of the shoot apical meristem and in developing dissected leaves in a characteristic manner.  This pattern is compared to that of other eudicots and discussed in terms of evolution of FLORICAULA expression and function.

ÚLTIMOS AVANCES EN LA QUÍMICA Y ACTIVIDADES BACTERIOLÓGICAS EN LAS PLANTAS MEDICINALES= Medicinal plants, last advances on chemistry and bacteria activities on the medicinal herbs

The isoquinoline alkaloids hunnemanine and norsanguinarine have been isolated from methanolic extract of the whole plant of Eschscholzia californica.  These two alkaloids were checked for their antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi Alternaria melongenae, A. brassicola, A. brassicae, Curvularia lunata, C. maculans, Helminthosporium pennisetti, H. oryzae, H. turcicum, Fusarium undum and F. lini.  Hunnemanine exhibited 100 % inhibition of spore germination of A. brassicae, H. pennisetti and F. lini at 1000 ppm whereas norsanguinarine exhibited 100 % inhibition of A. brassicicola and C. maculans at this concentration.

Patente extraída del Chemical Abstracts= Patent extrated from the Database Chemical Abstracts
 
Methods and compositions for treating distress dysfunction and enhancing safety and efficacy of specific medications.      Crain, Steven; Crain, William E.; Crain, Stanley M.; Crain, Michael.  (Pondera Biotechnologies, LLC, USA).    U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ.  (2011),     74pp.  CODEN: USXXCO  US  20110159048  A1  20110630  Patent  written in English.    Application: US  2010-973839  20101220.  Priority: US  2009-289293P  20091222; US  2010-309766P  20100302; US  2010-322665P  20100409; US  2010-323465P  20100413; US  2010-330631P  20100503; US  2010-351653P  20100604; US  2010-375463P  20100820; US  2010-385873P  20100923; US  2010-386952P  20100927.  CAN 155:144481    AN 2011:823609    CAPLUS   (Copyright (C) 2011 ACS on SciFinder (R))  

The present invention relates to methods and compns. for reducing Distress Dysfunction by restoring and maintaining homeostatic balance in the neurotransmitter systems underlying the Stress Response and the experience of distress and hedonic tone.  Distress Dysfunction refers to the experience of dysfunctional emotional and phys. distress that interferes with the individual's quality of life and functioning.  A novel understanding of the bimodal opioid modulation of pain, and its impact, through serotonergic, dopaminergic, epinephrinergic, and norepinephrinergic processes, on hedonic tone, leads directly to new generation pharmaceutical formulations that are remarkably safe and effective for the treatment of a wide variety of Distress Dysfunctions, including anxiety, depression, anger, insomnia, mood disorders, eating disorders, sexual problems, pain, substance and behavioral addictions, gastrointestinal disorders, autistic spectrum disorders, attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorders, and other emotional and phys. distress disorders.  The foundation of this discovery is the power of Receptor Switchers, such as ultra-low-dose and very-low-dose opioid antagonists and GM1 ganglioside attenuators, in blocking acute and protracted excitatory opioid receptor signaling.  Co-administration of Receptor Switchers with Endorphin Enhancers, such as specific cAMP PDE inhibitors and excitatory amino acids, is an excellent formulation for restoring healthy homeostatic balance to the endogenous opioid system, using the body's endorphins to reduce emotional and phys. distress, and through synergistic and homeostatic processes, restoring pos. hedonic tone.  The addn. of Synergistic Enhancers, such as amino acids, SSRI and SNRI agents, and non-opioid analgesics, as well as Exogenous Opioids, enhances and prolongs these therapeutic benefits.
 The novel principles discovered by this invention also teach a new generation of safe and effective formulations for the treatment of respiratory conditions, neuropathy, and nociceptive pain.  The combination of a Receptor Switcher, such as ultra-low-dose naltrexone, very-low-dose naltrexone, methylmethane, NAC, or magnesium sulfate, with an Endorphin Enhancer, such as ginkgo biloba, guarana, roflumilast, caffeine, or theophylline, simultaneously blocked protracted excitatory opioid signaling and increased endorphin levels, thereby reducing emotional and phys. distress and enhancing a sense of well-being.  A lotion was created by combining a penetrating skin cream with powd. loperamide (ten 2 mg tablets) and methylmethane (2 g).  Four subjects with moderate-to-severe chronic arthritic joint pain applied the lotion to the painful areas of their body, up to 4 times daily, over a period of one week.  All subjects reported at least a moderate improvement in joint pain with no side effects.

1) Fitoterapia : vademecum de prescripción.  4ª  ed.  Barcelona : Masson, 2003, p.119.

2) BUSCH, Andrea; GLEISSBERG, Stefan. EcFLO, aFLORICAULA-like gene from Eschscholzia californica is expressed during organogenesis at the vegetative shoot apex.  Planta. 2003, vol.217, nº6, p.841-848.
 
3) SINGH, S., et al. Antifungal activity of the alkaloids from Eschscholzia californica. Folia microbiologica. 2009, vol.54, nº3, p.204-206.