PARTE UTILIZADA= Used part: Las hojas frescas y la corteza fresca.

ACCIÓN FARMACOLÓGICA= Pharmacological action: Es astringente, febrífugo, antirreumático y antihemorrágico.

POSOLOGÍA= Posology: Hervir un trozo de corteza fresca (20-30 g) en 1 litro de agua durante 20 minutos; dejar templar, colar y emplearlo en lavados y aplicación directa de compresas humedecidas en el líquido. Se hace 2 veces al día, por la noche y por la mañana.

COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA= Chemical composition: Las hojas contienen azúcar, glutanol, glutinol (ácido glutínico) y amorfas resinas; también llevan una sustancia que hace calmar el dolor de los pies. La corteza contiene mucho tanino, aceite fijo (ácidos palmítico y esterático), así como un colorante rojo (pigmento).

ZONA GEOGRÁFICA= Geografical zone: Camino de Santiago.

DIVERSIDAD GENÉTICA Y MEJORAMIENTO DE PLANTAS MEDICINALES= Medicinal plants and improvement of medicinal herbs
 
 The nuclear ITS region of 19 species of Alnus was amplified and sequenced.  The inferred mol. phylogeny shows that all species of the genus Alnus form a monophyletic group close to Betula and that the fundamental dichotomy within the genus lies between the subgenera Alnaster and Gymnothyrsus, sensu Murai (1964).  The subgenus Alnaster appears to be basal in the genus, based on archaism of morphol. features, and branching close to the root of the trees due to low ITS divergence from genus Betula.  The monophyly of the section Clethropsis is not supported by the present data: Alnus nepalensis is positioned in the subgenus Gymnothyrsus, away from A. nitida and A. maritima.  Surprisingly, A. formosana sect.  Japonicae is closely tied to A. maritima sect.  Clethropsis, with which it shares few morphol. traits, and is sep. from A. japonica sect.  Japonicae with which it shares many traits.  An increase in substitution rate is noted in the group comprising A. formosana, A. maritima and A. nitida relative to the rest of the genus, which appears to have had, on the av., a very slow mutation rate.  Alnus glutinosa, the designated type for the genus, appears to be representative of the genus both for morphol. characters and evolutionary rate.  North-East Asia is comforted in its position of origin of the genus since not only does it have the highest no. of species and representatives in all deep branching lineages, there are also fewer transcontinental migrations when a North-East Asian ancestor is postulated than when a North American ancestor is postulated. (2)

Patente extraída del Chemical AbstractsPatente extraída de Chemical Abstracts= Extracted patent of the Database Chemical Abstracts

Protein and cDNA sequences of a novel Alnus glutinosa glycine and histidine-rich metal-binding protein AgNt84 and use for the detection and bioremediation of metals from the environment.      Mullin, Beth C.; Gupta, Rakesh Kumar; Dobritsa, Svetlana V.  (University of Tennessee Research Foundation, USA).    PCT Int. Appl.  (2005),     48 pp.  CODEN: PIXXD2  WO  2005021577  A2  20050310  Designated States W: AE, AG, AL, AM, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KP, KR, KZ, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LV, MA, MD, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MZ, NA, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PG, PH, PL, PT, RO, RU, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SY, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, YU, ZA, ZM, ZW.  Designated States RW: AT, BE, CH, CY, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, IE, IT, LU, MC, NL, PT, SE, TR, BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG.  Patent  written in English.    Application: WO  2004-US25144  20040802.  Priority: US  2003-491939P  20030801.  CAN 142:292454    AN 2005:216836    CAPLUS   (Copyright (C) 2011 ACS on SciFinder (R))  

The subject invention provides materials and methods for the detection and bioremediation of metals from the environment.  Specifically, the subject invention provides polynucleotides and polypeptides that bind to a variety of metals.  The subject invention provides transgenic plants contg. polypeptides according to the subject invention as well as vectors and genetic constructs that provide polypeptides, or fragments thereof, that are capable of binding various metals that can be found in the environment or at contaminated sites.

1) ALFARO, Txumari, Plantas y remedios naturales de los caminos de santiago. Barcelona: B.S.A. 2008, p. 30.

2) NAVARRO, Elisabeth, et al. Molecular phylogeny of Alnus (Betulaceae), inferred from nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequences.  Plant and Soil. 2003, vol.254, nº1, p.207-217.