PARTE UTILIZADA= Used part: Hojas y raices.

ACCIÓN FARMACOLÓGICA= Pharmacological action: Antiartrítica. 

COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA= Chemical composition: The investigation of Proustia cuneifolia, Nassauvia aculeata, Dolichlasium lagascae, and Leuceria achillaeifolia afforded in addn. to known compds. 17 alpha-isocedrene derivs., four Me coumarins, three methylchromones, three 1betaH-guaiene derivs. and three nerolidol derivs. The structures were elucidated by highfield NMR spectroscopy. The chemotaxonomy of the subtribe Nassauviinae is discussed briefly. 

ZONA GEOGRÁFICA= Geografical zone: S. de Perú, Bolivia, Chile NO y O de Argentina. 

DIVERSIDAD GENÉTICA Y MEJORAMIENTO DE PLANTAS MEDICINALES= Medicinal plants and improvement of medicinal herbs

Subfamily Barnadesioideae (Asteraceae) consists of nine genera and 91 species endemic to South America. They include annual and perennial herbs, arching shrubs and trees up to 30 m tall. Presumed sister to all other Asteraceae, its intergeneric relationships are key to understanding the early evolution of the family. Results of the only mol. study on the subfamily conflict with relationships inferred from morphol. We investigate inter- and intrageneric relationships in Barnadesioideae with novel DNA sequence data and morphol. characters using parsimony, likelihood and Bayesian inference. All results verify Barnadesioideae as monophyletic and sister to the rest of the family. A basal split within the subfamily is recognized, with Chuquiraga, Doniophyton and Duseniella in one clade, and Arnaldoa, Barnadesia, Dasyphyllum, Fulcaldea, Huarpea and possibly Schlechtendalia in another. The largest genus, Dasyphyllum, is revealed as biphyletic with the two clades sepg. along subgeneric and geog. lines. Schlechtendalia, suggested as the earliest diverging lineage of the subfamily by morphol. studies and parsimony analyses, is found in a more derived position under model-based inference methods. Competing phylogenetic hypotheses, both previous and present, are evaluated using likelihood-based tests. Evolutionary trends within Barnadesioideae are inferred: hummingbird pollination has developed convergently at least three times. An early vicariance in the subfamily's distribution is revealed. X = 9 is supported as the ancestral base chromosome no. for both Barnadesioideae and the family as a whole. 

ÚLTIMOS AVANCES EN LA QUÍMICA Y ACTIVIDADES BACTERIOLÓGICAS EN LAS PLANTAS MEDICINALES= Medicinal plants, last advances on chemistry and bacteria activities on the medicinal herbs

1) Members of several genera of Asteraceae, belonging to the tribes Mutisieae, Cardueae, Lactuceae (all subfamily Cichorioideae), and of Astereae, Senecioneae, Helenieae and Heliantheae (all subfamily Asteroideae) have been analyzed for chemodiversity of their exudate flavonoid profiles.  The majority of structures found were flavones and flavonols, sometimes with 6- and/or 8-substitution, and with a varying degree of oxidn. and methylation.  Flavanones were obsd. in exudates of some genera, and, in some cases, also flavonol- and flavone glycosides were detected.  This was mostly the case when exudates were poor both in yield and chem. complexity.  Structurally diverse profiles are found particularly within Astereae and Heliantheae.  The tribes in the subfamily Cichorioideae exhibited less complex flavonoid profiles.  Current results are compared to literature data, and botanical information is included on the studied taxa.

1) TOURSARKISSIAN, Martín. Plantas medicinales de Argentina : sus nombres botánicos, vulgares, usos y distribución geográfica. Buenos Aires : Hemisferio Sur, 1980, 178p.

2) ZDERO, C.; et al. Alpha-Isocedrene derivatives, 5-methyl coumarins and other constituents from the subtribe Nassauviinae of the Compositae. Phytochemistry . 1986, vol.25, nº12, p.2873-82.
 
3) GRUENSTAEUDL, Michael; et al. Phylogeny of Barnadesioideae (Asteraceae) inferred from DNA sequence data and morphology. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution . 2009, vol.51, nº3, p.572-587.
 
4) VALANT-VETSCHERA, Karin M.; WOLLENWEBER, Eckhard.  Exudate flavonoids in Miscellaneous Asteraceae. Chemodiversity of exudate flavonoids in seven tribes of Cichorioideae and Asteroideae (Asteraceae). Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung, C: Journal of Biosciences. 2007, vol.62, nº3/4, p.155-163.