PARTE UTILIZADA= Used part: Partes aéreas en flor.

ACCIÓN FARMACOLÓGICA= Pharmacological action: Cardiotónico, diurético, purgante.

EFECTOS ADVERSOS Y/O TOXICOLOGÍA= Adverse effects and toxicology: Náuseas, vómitos, diarreas, alteraciones del ritmo cardíaco, colapso y muerte. También dermatitis de contacto. Contraindicado en taquicardias ventriculares y bloqueos aurículo-ventriculares, no tomar simultáneamente con otros cardiotónicos.

POSOLOGÍA= Posology: En forma de extracto fluido (1g=38 gotas) se dosifica a razón de 2-3 tomas

COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA= Chemical composition: Convalatoxina que se desdobla en rammosa y astrofantina, 3-rammósido de estrofantina, conavalatexol, desglucoqueirotoxina, locunjósido, canvalantarósido, etc.

ZONA GEOGRÁFICA= Geografical zone: Europa, Rusia.

ÚLTIMOS AVANCES EN LA QUÍMICA Y ACTIVIDADES BACTERIOLÓGICAS EN LAS PLANTAS MEDICINALES= Medicinal plants, last advances on chemistry and bacteria activities on the medicinal herbs

1) Incubations of linoleic acid with cell-free prepns. from Lily-of-the-Valley (Convallaria majalis L., Ruscaceae) roots revealed the presence of 13-lipoxygenase and divinyl ether synthase (DES) activities. Exogenous linoleic acid was
metabolized predominantly into (9Z,11E,1'E)-12-(1'-hexenyloxy)-9,11-dodecadienoic (etheroleic) acid. Its identification was confirmed by the data of UV spectroscopy, mass spectra, 1H NMR, COSY, catalytic hydrogenation. The isomeric divinyl ether (8E,1'E,3'Z)-12-(1',3'-nonadienyloxy)-8-nonenoic (colneleic) acid was detected as a minor product. Incubations with linoleic acid hydroperoxides revealed that 13-hydroperoxide was a preferential substrate, while the 9-hydroperoxide was utilized with lesser efficiency.

2) The rhizomes of Convallaria majalis have been analyzed for their steroidal glycoside constituents, resulting in the isolation of a new 5b-spirostanol triglycoside, named convallasaponin A, along with two known cardenolide glycosides
and a known cholestane glycoside. The structure of convallasaponin A was detd. on the basis of extensive spectroscopic anal., including 2D NMR data, and the results of hydrolytic cleavage. The cardenolide glycosides showed tumor specific cytotoxic activity.

3) Angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in tumor growth and represents a key target for chemopreventive intervention. Despite the large no. of existing angiogenesis inhibitors, there is still a great demand for new anti-angiogenic compds. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of administration of convallamaroside, a steroidal saponin isolated from the lily of the valley (Convallaria majalis L.) to mice on tumor angiogenesis reaction induced by tumor cells. Angiogenic activity was evaluated by mice intradermal test. Convallamaroside showed a significant inhibitory effect on the no. of new vessels induced in mice by human kidney tumor cells (p < 0.001). Similarly, administration of convallamaroside to mice decreased the no. of new vessels induced by sarcoma mice cells (p < 0.001).

Patente extraída del Chemical Abstracts=Patent extrated from the Database Chemical Abstracts
 
A method of treating alopecia using a composition comprising a cardiac glycoside
By: Bouras, Elias
Assignee: UK
Patent Information: Dec 23, 2009, GB 2461037, A
Application: Jun 17, 2008, GB 2008-11053
Priority: Jun 17, 2008, GB 2008-11053, Jun 17, 2009, WO 2009-GB50687
Source: Brit. UK Pat. Appl., 30pp.; Chemical Indexing Equivalent to 152:136798 (WO), Patent, 2009, CODEN: BAXXDU
Accession Number: 2009:1589622, CAN 152:67695, CAPLUS
Language: English
 
A compn. for the treatment or prevention of a disorder resulting in hair loss comprises a cardiac glycoside as active
principal. The condition may be alopecia or hypotrichosis, such as alopecia areata assocd. with X-linked dominant
disorders, autosomal dominant or recessive disorders. The cardiac glycoside may be a cardenolide from a Digitalis spp such as digitoxin. Other cardiac glycosides disclosed are those found in Convallaria majalis (lily of the valley) or
bufadienolides from Bufo marinus (cane toad).

This contains cardiac glycosides with an effect similar to digitalis, but the compounds are milder
than digitalis and are cleared from the body more quickly. Even so, lily of the valley should
never be ingested or used except under professional care. This herbal reportedly increases blood
flow to the heart; makes the heart’s beat slower, more regular, and more powerful; causes diuresis
and lowers blood pressure. It also has been used to treat soldiers exposed to poison gases.
Legend says that Apollo gave this plant as a gift to the Greek god of healing Asclepios.

Part used::
Flowers, Leaves, Rhizomes

Origin:
Europe

1) ALONSO, Jorge R. Tratado de fitomedicina : bases clínicas y farmacológicas. Buenos Aires : ISIS, 1998, p. 427.

2) OGORODNIKOVA, Anna V., et al. Detection of divinyl ether synthase in lily-of-the-valley (Convallaria majalis) roots. Phytochemistry (Elsevier). 2008, vol. 69, nº 16, p. 2793-2798.

3) HIGANO , Taro, et al. Convallasaponin A, a new 5b-spirostanol triglycoside from the rhizomes of Convallaria majalis. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 2007, vol. 55, nº 2, p. 337-339.

4) NARTOWSKA, Jadwiga. Anti-angiogenic activity of convallamaroside, the steroidal saponin isolated from the rhizomes and roots of Convallaria majalis L. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica. 2004, vol. 61, nº 4, p. 279-282.

5) VANDEPITTE, Katrien, et al. Extremely low genotypic diversity and sexual reproduction in isolated populations of the self-incompatible lily-of-the-valley (Convallaria majalis) and the role of the local forest environment. Annals of Botany (Oxford, United Kingdom). 2010, vol. 105, nº 5, p. 769-776.

6) Hull, Kathleen; Photog. Hull, Meredith /Indiana Medical History Museum: Guide to the Medicinal Plant Garden./ USA: Indiana Medical History Museum. 2010. -- p. 58.