<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><metadata xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"><dc:title xml:lang="es">Marrubium vulgare L</dc:title><dc:identifier>http://webserv.fq.edu.uy/tematres?tema=3353</dc:identifier><dc:language>es</dc:language><dc:publisher xml:lang="es">Lic. Myrian Piastri,Lic. Lucía Orfila,Lic. Pablo Pardías</dc:publisher><dcterms:created>2007-12-17 17:40:17</dcterms:created><dcterms:isPartOf xsi:type="dcterms:URI">http://webserv.fq.edu.uy/tematres</dcterms:isPartOf><dcterms:isPartOf xml:lang="es">TESAURO DE PLANTAS MEDICINALES - BILINGÜE</dcterms:isPartOf><dc:format>text/html</dc:format> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">Marvel</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">White Horehound</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">White hoarhound</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">Marrube blanc</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">Toronjil cuyano</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">Marrobbio bianco</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">manrubio</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">Weiser andoorn</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">Szanta bisla</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">Andorn</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">Marrube</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">Marroio</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">Common horehound (Nicholson 1046 EIU, Nicholson 1116 EIU, &amp; Nicholson 1168 EIU)</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">White horehound</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">Marrubio</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">Common hoarhound</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">Hoarhound</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">Marrubio blanco</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">Houndsbane</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">Lehugi</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">Marrhue</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">Malrubi</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">Marrub</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">Marroxo</dcterms:alternative> <dcterms:alternative xml:lang="es">Marrubium</dcterms:alternative> <dc:description xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[ <p>An infusion of the flowers, leaves, and stems is said to be useful for weight loss dieting and for combating diabetes. The infusion is reported to be a pectoral and stomachic (Gonzàlez F. 1979; Gonzàlez F. and Gonzàlez S. 1980; Gonzàlez S. 1979; Linares, Penafiel, and Bye 1988; Martìnez 1969; Sànchez C. 1981).</p>
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<p><strong>Origin</strong>: Waste places, pastures, and old fields.<br /><br /><strong>Uses</strong>: This plant is used in many pulmonary ailments as an expectorant, tonic, and emmenagogue. In Appalachia, the leaves are used to make a cough syrup. In Europe, it is considered a febrifuge and has been used to treat menstrual pain.<br />------------</p>
<p>This plant has a long history of medicinal uses. The Egyptians called the plant “Seed of Horus,” Horus being the god of sky and light and the son of Osiris and Isis, and this is likely the source of the English common name for  the plant. Since ancient times, it has been used for gastrointestinal complaints, cough, and other lung ailments. Culpeper wrote, “It helpeth to expectorate tough phlegm from the chest…” In large doses, horehound is a gentle purgative and eliminates intestinal worms. Horehound candy is made by boiling fresh or dried leaves, and then cooking sugar into the strained water and letting the mixture cool and harden. Marrubium vulgare is sometimes known as White horehound. Black horehound (Ballota nigra) is an unrelated malodorous plant.<br /><br /><strong>Part used::</strong><br />Europe, Asia<br /><br /><strong>Origin</strong>:<br /><em><strong>Leaves</strong></em>, Aerial parts.</p>
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<p style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<font face="Times New Roman, serif"><strong>Origin</strong></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Native
to Europe and Central Asia; also found in Kashmir.</font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><strong>Action:</strong></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font face="Times New Roman, serif">Expectorant,
cholagogue; bitter tonic for stomach and liver, antispasmodic. Used
for bronchitis, asthma, whooping cough, hard cough with little
phlegm; also for cardiac extrasystols.</font></font></p> ]]></dc:description> <dc:description xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[ <p><strong>PARTE UTILIZADA= Used part:</strong> Partes a&eacute;reas.</p>
<p><strong>ACCI&Oacute;N FARMACOL&Oacute;GICA= Pharmacological action:</strong> Depurativo, t&oacute;nico, amargo, anticatarral, emenagogo, contra la dispepsia, pectoral, expectorante, para lavar heridas y contra la ca&iacute;da del cabello.</p>
<p><strong>COMPOSICI&Oacute;N QU&Iacute;MICA= Chemical composition:</strong> Principio amargo: marrubina (0,3-1%). Se trata de una lactona diterp&eacute;nica que se forma a partir de un precursor (premarrubina) durante el proceso de desecado. Alcoholes diterp&eacute;nicos: marrubiol, marruberol, esclareol, peregrinol, vulgarol. Flavonoides: vitexina, luteololina, quercetina, epigenina y sus derivados. Aceite esencial (trazas): bisabolol, canfeno, p-cimeno, limoneno, beta-pineno, sabineno, etc. Otros: &aacute;cidos fenilcarbox&iacute;licos (cafeico y clorog&eacute;nico), taninos (2-3%), colina, sapon&oacute;sidos, nitrato pot&aacute;sico, beta-sitosterol, &aacute;cido urs&oacute;lico, alcaloides (hetonicina, furicina), muc&iacute;lagos, &aacute;cido asc&oacute;rbico y resinas.</p>
<p><strong>ZONA GEOGR&Aacute;FICA= Geografical zone:</strong> Uruguay.&nbsp;</p>
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<p>Partes usadas: <br />sumidades floridas<br /><br />Usos tradicionales:<br />a) uso interno: enfermedades respiratorias (catarros, tos, bronquitis, resfr&iacute;os, gripes, faringitis, asma); fiebre; diarreas, digestiones dif&iacute;ciles de tipo cr&oacute;nic (dispepsias); trastornos menstruales.<br />La infusi&oacute;n se prepara con 1 cucharada de sumidades floridas para 1 litro de agua reci&eacute;n hervida: beber 1 taza 3 veces al d&iacute;a.<br />b) uso externo: lesiones cut&aacute;neas, heridas superficiales y quemaduras; afecciones del cuero cabelludo.<br />La misma infusi&oacute;n sirve para uso externo en lavados.<br /><br />Efectos: diafor&eacute;tico, expectorante, febr&iacute;fugo, bals&aacute;mico, emenagogo, antidiarreico, digestivo.<br /><br /><strong>Precauciones</strong>: <br />no administrar por v&iacute;a oral durante el embarazo. Administrar con precauci&oacute;n a personas con gastritis, &uacute;lceras digestivas y arritmias cardiacas. Puede potenciar los efectos de medicamentos hipoglicemiantes y antihipertensivos.<br />----------</p>
<p>Enfermedad o s&iacute;ntoma<br />Dolor de h&iacute;gado<br /><br />Parte utilizada<br />Hoja<br /><br />Forma de preparaci&oacute;n<br />Infusi&oacute;n<br /><br />Modo de administraci&oacute;n<br />V&iacute;a oral<br /><br />Origen<br />Tucum&aacute;n, Argentina<br />----------------</p>
<p><strong>Clima:</strong><br />fr&iacute;o. Crece silvestre a partir de los 2.300&nbsp; metros sobre el nivel del mar<br /><strong>Partes utilizadas:</strong><br />hojas.<br /><strong>USOS MEDICINALES</strong> <br /><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><em><strong>Internos:</strong> </em></span><br />- Sirve como remedio para la tos porque ayuda a expulsar secreciones bronquiales.<br />- Sirve para estimular el metabolismo en casos de obesidad. <br /><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><em><strong>Externos:</strong> </em></span><br />- Sirve para desinflamar golpes y desinfectar heridas al aplicarse en forma de emplasto sobre la piel<br /><strong>PRECAUCIONES</strong><br />Las personas con problemas card&iacute;acos o renales, o que tomen medicamentos para el coraz&oacute;n, deben abstenerse de usarlo.</p> ]]></dc:description> <dc:source xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[ <p>1) GONZALEZ, Mat&iacute;as ; LOMBARDO, Atilio ; VALLARINO, Aida. Plantas de la medicina vulgar del Uruguay. Montevideo : Talleres Gr&aacute;ficos, 1937. pp. 87-88.</p>
<p>2) ALONSO, Jorge R. Tratado de fitomedicina : bases cl&iacute;nicas y farmacol&oacute;gicas. Buenos Aires : ISIS, 1998, pp. 704-705.</p>
<p>3) Nicholson Michael S. ; Arzhennithe, Charles . Economic Botany. vol. 47 . --p. 184-192 1993</p>
<p>4) A guide to medicinal plants of&nbsp; Appalachia/ Krochmal, Arnold; Walter, Russel S.; Doughty, Richard M.: USA: U.S.D.A Forest Service:,1959</p>
<p>5) Hierbas medicinales/ Chile. Ministerio de Agricultura.&nbsp; p.64</p>
<p>6) Hull, Kathleen; Photog. Hull, Meredith /Indiana Medical History Museum: Guide to the Medicinal Plant Garden./ USA: Indiana Medical History Museum. 2010. -- p. 58.</p>
<p>7) Ceballos, Sergio J.; Perea Mario C./ Bolet&iacute;n Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Arom&aacute;ticas, vol 13, no 1, 2014. - p. 47 - 68</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">8)<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"> Khare, C.P./ Indian Medicinal Plants. -- Nueva Dheli: Springer, 2007 . - p 401.<br /></span></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;">9) Fundaci&oacute;n secretos para contar/ Los secretos de las plantas: 50 plantas medicinales en su huerta. - Medellin: Colombia, 2014. - p. 80</span></p> ]]></dc:source></metadata>